: This Qualcomm presentation paper explores the security implications of Sahara and Firehose protocols, including how memory dumps can be used to reverse engineer and bypass secure boot protections.

Developers use these dumps to find where the code execution failed in the kernel or drivers. Forensics:

The Sahara protocol operates in several modes, with being the specific state used for memory extraction. Unlike standard operating modes, this state is triggered when the device encounters a kernel panic or a critical system error, often referred to as "Dump Mode".

At its core, a refers to a low-level diagnostic and recovery process that extracts raw memory contents from a Qualcomm chipset when the device is in Emergency Download (EDL) mode. This is not a simple backup; it is a forensic-level capture of the device’s volatile and non-volatile memory regions, often used to resurrect "hard-bricked" phones, recover deleted partitions, or reverse-engineer firmware.

: The protocol transfers user and kernel-mode memory. However, a key security limitation is that it typically cannot access memory protected by the Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) , where sensitive cryptographic keys are often stored. Using QPST for Extraction