The empirical case for both frameworks rests on neuroscience and ethology.
In the US and EU, agricultural subsidies heavily favor corn/soy for animal feed, making plant-based alternatives artificially expensive. Welfare improvements (e.g., free-range) increase costs, reducing adoption absent regulation. The empirical case for both frameworks rests on
The next frontier is . The fight for chimpanzees, elephants, and cetaceans (whales/dolphins) is gaining traction. These are animals with complex languages, cultures, and self-awareness. free-range) increase costs